Start with observation before excavation.
Watch where water:
- enters the site
- concentrates
- slows
- infiltrates
- leaves
- causes erosion
Then work from smallest and safest interventions upward:
- improve groundcover
- mulch exposed soil
- stabilise paths and drains
- direct roof water into useful storage
- plant for infiltration and root stability
- only then consider swales, diversion drains, spoon drains, or small dams where appropriate
The big mistake is copying earthworks from the internet without reading the site. Water is powerful, and a bad intervention can shift damage downhill very quickly.
On steeper or more complex sites, get experienced local advice before moving soil.
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